adverse impact analyses, disparate impact, mantel-haenszel, chi-square, fisher exact, Breslow-day, OFCCP analyses



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Adverse Impact Toolkit Online - Combined Data Availability Comparison

This part of the Program is designed for making availability comparisons for several different jobs (or groups of jobs) or for the same job across multiple years. The reader is referred to the “Availability Comparison” section of this manual for several caveats that apply to these types of analyses. This type of analysis has been applied in several EEO litigation settings. A partial list is provided below:
  • Vuyanich v. Republic National Bank (N.D. Texas 1980). 505 F. Supp. 224
  • EEOC v. United Virginia Bank (615 F.2d 147 (4th Cir. 1980)
  • Cooper v. University of Texas at Dallas (482 F. Supp. 187, N.D. Tex. 1979)
Focal Group % Over/Under
Represented		 Step 1 - Statistical Test Results: Do the Combined Events Result in
Statistical Significance?
Availability
%		 # Selected/
Represented		 Total in Overall
Group
Event 1 White = No Orange = Warning Red = Yes
Event 2 Statistical Test (Generalized Binomial)(1)
Event 3
Event 4 Step 2 - Step: Interpret Degree of Statistical Test Results(2)?
Event 5
Event 6 White = NA Orange = Warning Red = Significant
Event 7 Likelihood # Std. Deviations
Event 8 Degree of Statistical Test
Event 9
Event 10 This program uses estimation techniques to analyze the data entered. While the results are likely to be similar to the results of an exact calculation process when the sample sizes exceed at least 5 in the selected group and 30 in the total group for each event entered, the user should consider the results as only estimations. When smaller samples are used, or when the results are close to statistical significance (p<.05), advanced statistical software is required to generate accurate results (please call BCG for assistance).
Event 11
Event 12
Event 13
Event 14
Event 15

   

Footnotes:

(1) Statistical Test (Generalized Binomial): This (two-tail) test evaluates whether the Focal Group's continual (i.e., across multiple events) underutilization is statistically significant. Values less than .05 (indicated in red) are "statistically significant"; values between .05 and .10 (in orange) are "close" to significance. This test should not be used on data sets with small samples (i.e., less than 30). A "VALID" sign next to the statistical output indicates that the output can be interpreted because the Pattern Consistency test in Step 1 was not violated; a "WARNING" sign indicates otherwise.

(2) Interpretation of Statistical Test: These outputs describe the degree of the Statistical Test findings. For example, if the output shows the likelihood of the statistical test value is "1 in 20," this means that the group's underutilization across events is so extreme that the odds of it occurring by chance is only 1 in 20, or about 5%. In other words, this result indicates that chance can be "ruled out" as a reason for this difference. The "Probability as Std. Deviations" describes the probability value (from the Statistical Test) in terms of standard deviations units, which are sometimes easier to interpret than small probability values. A standard deviation of 1.96 corresponds with a probability value of .05, and a likelihood of 1 chance in 20.